Comparative Law and Language

Le génocide dans le Statut de Rome traduit: Processus de sécularisation?

Nejmeddine Khalfallah — 2024-12-20

En 1972, l’arabe devint l’une des cinq langues officielles des Nations Unies. Les documents conçus par cette organisation internationale furent désormais traduits en arabe, restituant la trame terminologique/notionnelle prévue par les Statuts de Rome. Bien que cette langue fût longtemps reliée aux référents religieux et tribaux, elle fait aujourd’hui partie intégrante du droit international (section pénale), fondé sur un paradigme positif et universel. Dès lors, les termes arabes proposés en guise de traduction aux notions et principes du droit international s’émancipèrent progressivement de leur mémoire sémantique, référentiels religieux et réminiscences tribales.

Afin de relater une telle émancipation, nous examinerons, à travers cette étude, l’équivalent arabe du terme génocide en analysant les origines étymologiques, les fonctions pragmatiques et les limites au sein de la logosphère arabe classique et moderne. Pour cela, nous nous réfèrerons aux Statuts de Rome dans ses versions française, anglaise et arabe, afin de mettre en lumière les ressemblances et dissemblances du transfert notionnel opéré sur ce principe propre à la criminalité internationale. Plus que toute autre branche du droit, celui-ci influence le reste des juridictions nationales.

La problématique structurante de cette étude sera centrée sur la capacité terminologique de l’arabe à exprimer le contenu cognitif et juridique du terme génocide. Autrement dit, l’arabe est-il en mesure d’en fournir une acception positive conforme aux postulats philosophiques et sociaux des Statuts de Rome ? L’équivalent arabe proposé est-il capable de rompre avec sa mémoire sémantique et l’imaginaire collectif lui étant associé ?

The Deaf as a linguistic minority in Poland: Legal Aspirations and Legal Pursuits

Urszula Bartnikowska — 2024-12-20

The article aims to introduce the issue of Deaf language rights in Poland. It is a linguistic minority that derives its identity from deafness, and its culture is based on Polish Sign Language. The Deaf linguistic minority, both in the world and in Poland, face discrimination because of their language. Therefore, we analyze the relationship between deafness and disability, outline the complexities of Deaf culture as a linguistic minority, and then contextualize Deafness and Polish Sign Language within a legal framework.

An analysis of the laws and initiatives undertaken by the Deaf community in Poland shows that the current status of the Deaf in Poland is still far from satisfactory with regard to their access to goods, services and full enjoyment of their civil rights due to challenges in accessing information in Polish. An analysis of initiatives undertaken by the Deaf shows that there is a growing awareness among the Deaf community of their civil rights. These activities are inspired by the changes taking place in other countries and the initiatives of international organizations for the Deaf.

A Three-Step Strategy for Teaching Contract Drafting

Anton Osminkin — 2024-12-20

The main purpose of this article is to provide a three-step strategy for teaching contract drafting. The first step focuses on the negotiation of a business deal and on understanding the needs and objectives of the contracting parties. The second step deals with the practical process of drafting a contract, looking at contract structure and types of contract clauses. Finally, the third step describes the jurilinguistic key features, which provide a linguistic frame to the agreement.

Such a multifaceted approach enables teachers and students to picture the teaching process from a legal and jurilinguistic perspectives, as well as to consider contract drafting from the initial business deal and its negotiations to a range of details and specific text needed to be included in the written agreement.

The set of legal documents selected for this paper is a corpus of 5 UK and US sale and purchase agreements the subjects of which represent goods and services as well as share capital.

Each step of the strategy includes a number of exercises that teachers can use with students for them to gain a better understanding of legal and linguistic aspects of contract drafting.

The students mentioned in the paper include law students from universities in Paris, France, studying legal English and legal translation courses as well as practising lawyers who have to deal with contract drafting in English.

Enforcing victims’ language rights:

Petra Lea Láncos — 2024-12-20

While the language rights of the accused in criminal proceedings conducted before national and international courts are well established, there are other participants of the proceedings whose linguistic participation must be ensured for the fulfilment of human rights requirements. This paper focuses on the language rights of victims before the ICC on the one hand, and the language services to enforce such rights on the other. These language services include in particular the recruitment and training of paraprofessional interpreters, as well as the necessary terminology work in the so-called situation languages.

Dal paradigma dell'interpretazione a quello della traduzione: una nuova prospettiva per la cultura giuridica

Maria Rosaria Ferrarese — 2024-12-20

I concetti di interpretazione e traduzione forniscono una lente preziosa per esaminare sia la storia che lo stato attuale del diritto. Ognuno di essi ha un proprio rapporto distinto con il campo giuridico, ma insieme rivelano cambiamenti significativi all'interno del panorama giuridico. Sebbene l'interpretazione e la traduzione condividano molte somiglianze, si differenziano anche per le chiavi di lettura. Questo saggio si concentra sull'evidenziazione di alcuni punti essenziali di sovrapposizione e divergenza tra i due concetti. L'obiettivo è quello di collegare l'interpretazione e la traduzione alle profonde innovazioni che caratterizzano il panorama giuridico odierno, esplorando l'interazione tra l'evoluzione giuridica e la trasformazione delle questioni legate sia all'interpretazione che alla traduzione giuridica.

Introduction to Comparative Law, 2nd edition, by Jaakko Husa

Johannes San Miguel — 2024-12-20

As I read Introduction to Comparative Law, 2nd edition, by Jaakko Husa, I was fondly reminded of this clip with the undaunted, bold walk ahead by Ashcroft. With the northern Europe made-seal, the sound and the clip could completely cut through cultural differences and make a leading position in the top ten inside the vibrant, unmatched late-90s Latin pop scenario. For better, the same is going to happen with comparative law in Hispanic America: the holistic, antiformalist, interdisciplinary conceptions along with the plurality of methods, the dual methodological-disciplinary nature, and the exploration beyond the borders of auxiliary fields of knowledge and social sciences will finally settle at our native comparative law studies.

Editorial

Lucja Biel — 2024-12-20

Editorial