Strutture familiari e rischi di povertà in Europa
Keywords:
Povertà relativa, Disuguaglianze di reddito, Strutture familiari, Occupazione femminile, Flessibilizzazione del mercato del lavoroAbstract
Questo lavoro analizza gli effetti dell’ingresso delle donne nel mercato del lavoro e del diffondersi di nuovi tipi familiari sull’andamento delle disuguaglianze e dei rischi di povertà relativa in chiave comparata ed europea. La coppia a doppio reddito costituisce il più importante meccanismo anti-povertà per gli individui, mentre single e genitori soli sono esposti a rischi maggiori. Tuttavia, perché l’incremento delle famiglie a doppio reddito riesca a ridurre i livelli di disuguaglianza e i tassi di povertà relativa aggregati occorre che esso coinvolga soprattutto i gruppi sociali più svantaggiati. La crescente omogamia educativa ed occupazionale e il recente sviluppo di condizioni lavorative fragili e marginalizzanti sembrano invece destinati ad ampliare la polarizzazione dei redditi e dei rischi di povertà.
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